Cassava seed-bulking farms

Quality cassava cuttings close to the fields

Seed-bulking farms for cassava provide quality planting material to smallholder farmers directly close to their field. Seed-bulking farms are decentralized systems of production of large amounts of cutting from improved cassava varieties that are free of pest and diseases. In addition to facilitating access to improved varieties, these farms reduce the cost of transporting cuttings to the farmers’ field, thus increasing the profitability.

This technology is TAAT1 validated.

8•7

Scaling readiness: idea maturity 8/9; level of use 7/9

20 ha of cutting harvested

per ha planted every 16 months

IP

Open source / open access

Problem

Cassava growing in Africa faces a number of challenges in terms of the distribution and availability of disease-resistant planting material:

The distribution of cassava stem cuttings is problematic as they rapidly lose their sprouting vigor when stored. Moreover, their bulk and weight drive up transport costs, limiting the supply of improved cassava planting material.
Rural communities with poor road connectivity in remote parts of African countries face severe limitations in accessing disease-resistant cassava planting material, affecting their agricultural productivity and food security.
Smallholder farmers often rely on seed companies and institutions with limited geographical coverage, restricting their access to improved cassava varieties and pest- and disease-free planting materials.

Solution

The establishment of cassava seed-bulking farms offers promising solutions to these challenges :

These decentralized farms offer a cost-effective way to produce cassava planting materials, allowing multiplication of stem cuttings closer to cultivation fields.
Seed-bulking farms provide high-quality, disease-free cassava stem cuttings, improving access to superior cassava varieties.
This approach supports community-based businesses, boosting incomes for farmers and processors.
Cassava seed-bulking farms achieve high multiplication rates, enabling efficient distribution of planting materials.
Reduced transport times and decentralized production enhance planting material survival, leading to increased cassava yields and food crop resilience.

Key points to design your business plan

The Cassava seed bulking farms technology may be of interest to planting material Multiplier, and users (cassava farmers, aggregators).

Planting material Multiplier

The establishment of Cassava seed bulking farms offers a cost-effective solution to address the challenges of limited propagation and contamination in improved cassava varieties.

To efficiently multiply planting materials, you need:

To identify suitable cassava varieties for local farming conditions to increase demand,
Training on appropriate practice for seed-bulking on farms,
Optimise production and distribution of cassava planting material according to agro-ecological conditions and road connectivity.

Ensure compliance with national phytosanitary regulations and obtain a licence for setting up Cassava seed bulking farm activities.

To estimate the profitability associated with using this technology, consider factors such as:

The initial investment in setting up the seed bulking farm, the cost of acquiring seeds or in-vitro mother plants,
operational expenses including labor and maintenance costs, and the revenue generated from selling the high-quality planting materials to farmers and other stakeholders in the cassava seed system.

For better optimization of this technology, it is recommended to associate this technology with Disease resistant cassava varieties, Golden cassava varieties (Vitamin A fortified), Cassava varieties with high dry matter and starch content.

Your potential customers include wholesale distributors of cassava farmers, as well as development projects, government agencies, NGOs and aggregators. Establishing robust partnerships with partners is crucial for the success of your Cassava seed bulking farm business.

Users

Cassava seed-bulking farms benefit users by providing access to high-quality planting materials, enhancing yields, and creating opportunities for community-based enterprise development.

As key partners,you can also require planting material multipliers who can efficiently propagate the planting materials.

To use this technology efficiently,

Identify the nearest planting material multipliers.
If there is not, you can setting-up the cassava seed bulking farm closer to your cassava field.

Evaluating these aspects will help determine the potential profit realised from implementing the Cassava seed bulking farm technology.

Adults 18 and over: Positive high

Adults, particularly farmers, benefit from increased yields and improved cassava varieties, enhancing food security and generating higher incomes.

The poor: Positive high

Seed-bulking farms bring these materials closer to their communities, reducing the costs of procurement and transportation.

Under 18: Positive low

Establishing seed-bulking farms provides new opportunities for young people to engage in agriculture, especially in managing the farms, handling logistics, and marketing improved cassava stem cuttings.

Women: Positive high

The technology simplifies the process of obtaining and planting cassava cuttings, reducing the time and effort women typically invest in agricultural activities.

Climate adaptability: Highly adaptable

By providing access to disease-resistant and drought-tolerant cassava varieties, seed-bulking farms can enhance the climate adaptability of cassava crops. These improved varieties are more resilient to extreme weather conditions such as droughts and floods, making them suitable for cultivation in regions facing climate challenges.

Farmer climate change readiness: Significant improvement

Farmers have access to high-quality planting materials that are more resistant to pests, diseases, and climate variability, making them better equipped to deal with changing environmental conditions.

Biodiversity: Positive impact on biodiversity

The introduction of multiple improved varieties reduces dependence on a single type of cassava, thus supporting agro-biodiversity and enhancing ecosystem resilience.

Carbon footprint: Much less carbon released

Seed-bulking farms are localized, which minimizes the need for transporting planting materials over long distances, thus lowering greenhouse gas emissions related to logistics.

Environmental health: Greatly improves environmental health

Disease-resistant cassava varieties require fewer pesticides and herbicides, reducing environmental pollution and safeguarding local ecosystems from harmful chemical runoff.

Soil quality: Improves soil health and fertility

Seed-bulking farms promote good soil management practices, including the use of pest-resistant varieties that require fewer chemical inputs, thereby maintaining soil fertility and structure.

Water use: Same amount of water used

The ability to cultivate resilient varieties reduces the need for intensive irrigation practices, thus conserving water resources and contributing to the sustainable use of water in agriculture.

Countries with a green colour: Tested & adopted
Countries with a bright green colour: Adopted
Countries with a yellow colour: Tested

Countries where the technology has been tested and adopted
Country	Tested	Adopted
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Tested	Adopted
Kenya	Tested	Adopted
Nigeria	Tested	Adopted
Tanzania	Tested	Adopted
Zambia	Tested	Adopted

This technology can be used in the colored agro-ecological zones. Any zones shown in white are not suitable for this technology.

Agro-ecological zones where this technology can be used
AEZ	Subtropic - warm	Subtropic - cool	Tropic - warm	Tropic - cool
Arid
Semiarid
Subhumid
Humid

Source: HarvestChoice/IFPRI 2009

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals that are applicable to this technology.

Goal 1: no poverty

By improving access to high-quality cassava planting materials, seed-bulking farms boost productivity, allowing smallholder farmers to produce more and earn higher incomes. This helps lift communities, particularly in rural areas, out of poverty.

Goal 2: zero hunger

The technology enables farmers to access disease-resistant and high-yielding cassava varieties, which increases agricultural productivity. This results in greater food availability, reducing hunger and improving nutrition in regions where cassava is a staple crop.

Goal 8: decent work and economic growth

The technology improves agricultural efficiency, enabling farmers to produce more with fewer inputs, which drives economic growth and development in rural communities.

To establish a Cassava Seed-Bulking Farm, the following steps are required: